gerritson



J. GERRITSON.

HOSIERY DRYING AND SHAPING STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 18.*1918.

Patented Nov. 4, 1919,

3 SHEETS-SHEET'I.

l. GERRITSON. HOSIERY DRYING AND SHAPING STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED 050.121.1918.

1,320,753. Patented Nov. 4, 1919.

s sIIEETs-sI-IIEET 2.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIM` '1. GERRITSON. f

' HOSIERY DRYINGI AND SHAPING STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED 0m18.191s.

Patented Nov. 4, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

l UNITED4 STATES PATENT oFFicE.

JACOB GERRITSON, OF KANKAKEE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO PARAMOUNT HOSIERY`FORM DRYING- CO., F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 4, 1919.

Application led December 18, 1918. Serial No. 267,344.

i ToaZZ whom 'it may concern:

` speci Be it known that I, JACOB GERRiTsoN, citizen of the UnitedStates of America, residing at Kankakee, in the county of Kankakee andState of- Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin.

Hosiery Drying and Shaping Structures, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.I

This invention relates broadly to hosiery dryin and shaping structures,and more cally to a fabric-holding device which is attachable theretofor preventing the natural shrinking or creeping of hosiery after beingplaced upon the drying structure and while the moisture therein 1s beingevaporated therefrom.

The present invention involves an improvement upon and an advance overthe particular device disclosed in U. S. Letters- Patent 1,279,332,granted September 17 1918, to L. F. Gray, L. Wedge and E. Giese. Thestructure of that patent has, in practical use, been found to beexceedingly useful and efficient; but it has been discovered, inattaching the pile-including fabric Aby silicate of soda (as a binder)to a heated form, rthat thisfsubstance tends to affect the texture `ofthe fabric arid thereby reduces its serviceability. The presentinventionis predicated upon the recognition by me that` it is desirablein factrather necessary-to treat the fabric itself (in a manner to ,be

explained hereafter) before applying it to the form; and, in addition,to interpose a separating element or structure, between the fabric andythe form, this separating structure constituting, also, an efficient'support for the fabric and also a binding-instrumen-r tality between thefabric and' the form.

As a result of considerable experimentation, I have found that if thefabric is 4treated with somesubstance-such as a sizing made, say, from aflour paste or {luidandif one or more backing' sheets or pieces ofmaterial-such asasbestos paper, also similarly sized-are employed, andif, then, the backing sheets and fabric be attached to theform-preferably while the latter is in a heated condition-with acementitious substancesuch Mas liquid-glass (silicate of soda) or a masswhich includes (in major or minor proportions) silicate'of sodathedevice thus constituted may be most securely i structure (including theseveral specified' i elements) is not only rendered. highly efficient asa fabric-holding device, but becomes one which will endure for aconsiderable period. It is to be understood that the selection of theparticular fabric is more or less dependent upon the proposed conditionsof use; but, as I am at present advised, it is to be understood that afabric which Vincludes a base or body portion and a pile that has atendenc to lie down flat when brushed or rub ed in one way but whichwill stand out at an angle from the bodyportion and present a multitudeof fabricgri ping fingers or points when brushed or rub ed in theopposite direction, may be ed may be of any appropriate material, i

shape and dimensions; but, as the dryingform upon which theholding-structure 1s `mounted becomes considerably heated in use, amaterial which includes asbestos is very desirable and efficient. Amaterial which is conveniently manufactured, procured and applied, andone,\well adapted for the purpose, is -a so-called fire and ydamp-Vproof asbestos paper, of suitable thickness and dimensions. The numberof layersof the paper is, perhaps, largely one of choice, so long-asthese do not act as a heat-insulator; but, if the sheets of paper areformed and aggrouped in the manner hereinafter explained, two of thesesheets will be found su cient and, besides, each of these functions in anovel and desirable manner.' The cementitious mass by which thestructure is secured t0 the form may be any appropriate adhesive; but, Ihave found that a cement which is composed of or which includes silicateof soda (liquid-glass) especially is well. adapted for the piirpose. Forordinary ur- `poses, commercial liquid-glass will su ce; ut I have,myself, also devised an exceedin ly eiicient binder in the form of acementitios mass which preferably includes silicate of soda, and it isto be understood that the term cementitious mass, where hereinVspecified., refers to either of. these adhesives as well as 'any othersuitable for the endin view. y

In order thatthe invention may readily be comprehended, 'both as to its'constructionand as to the manner of its application to drying andshaping forms, I have, in the accompanyin drawings, illustrated Varioustpes thereo and it is to be understod t at these are merely illustrativeand that 'such types as are here shown are susceptible of a wide rangeof modification and variation without departing from the spirit of theinvention or sacrificing any of its salient 'features and underlyingprinciples.

In the drawings: l

Figure 1 is a view in elevation of a hosiery ldrying and shapingl formwith my improved fabric-holding device mounted thereon;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view in edge elevation of the same;

F ig. 3 is a View, on a larger scale, in transverscl section on the line3-3, Fig. 2;

Fig. '-1 is a lfragmentary- ,sectional view,1

also on an enlarged scale, of a portion of the form with thefabric-holding device applied thereto;

Fig. 5 is a View similar to Fig. 4, wit-h a portion of a stockin mountedon the form, and showing the ho ding action of my device, wherebyshrinking or creeping of the stocking on the form is eiciently preventedw'hile the form is effecting a drying and shaping of the stocking;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 1, of a half-hose form, with my deviceapplied theretoand a` half-hose thereon;\

Fig. 7 is a. detached view of the base or form-attaching member;

Fig. 8 isla similar view of the interposed backing or fabric-distendingmember;

Fig. 9 is a view in rear elevation of the' structure, showing therelative position of .the ends of the fabric in respect to the ends ofthe base or form-attaching member;

Fig- 10 is a detached Vview of the fabricmembert;3 and Figs. 11 to 16are views in elevation and section, respectively,` of various' modifications of the struct-ure.

In these. drawings, the reference-numeral 1 designates a so-calledParamount hosiery drying and shaping formas constructed and exploitedunder U. S. Patent No.

1,207,496, granted December 5,. 1916. This form is hollow to contain aheating medium whereby heat is thereby' applied to the in? ternalsurface ofthe fabric of the hosiery, designated generally bythereference-numeral' 2. This form has fabric-smoothing and flattenin sides3 which, in this instance,v are s own -as arc-shaped and as merging intoreduced or creaseeforming edges 4. The form, itself, is provided with abase 5 by which it is mountedA upon a pipe 6 for conducting a suitablethermal fluid to the interior of the form froma suitable source ofsupply. f

Mounted on opposite sides of this form, -and at a.' suitable orpredetermined distance from the base 5, is my fabric-'holding device 7,cilch of these being, preferably and as shown, of less width than thatof the form l in order that t-he oppositely-dsposed devices vshallnotentirely encompass the form.f The longitudinal dimensions of each deviceare dictated by the amount of fabric-el'igaging surface which is to bepresented to the hosiery, this being, in a large measure, dependent uponthe` character of the goods being treated. Some fabnics have a greatertend` ency to shrink while drying than others, and the amount ofmoisture in the fabric varies in different mills, since somemanufacturers find it desirable or preferable to extract less moisture,(by the whizzer) than others. On the other hand,y some hosieryfabrics-such, for instance, as `Woolen 85 goodshold their moisture ingreater quan? tity than others.

The preferred type of device is shown, as ya complete embodiment-,inFigs. 1 to 6 and 9, and usually-includes three instrumentalities,respectively, 8, 9 and 10, in connection with a binder by which thedevice is secured to the form 1. One ofthesejdevices is what I shallherein refer to as abase or formattaching member 8, the dimensionsd of95 which are greater, both as to Width and length, than the other two.This base-member is provided, adjacent its end, with two elongated slitsor slots 11, of suitable length. The member is preferably a sheet offire and damp-proof asbestos paper which has been treated on one'sideonly with a suitable siz'- ing or similar substance, this sizing being,for instance, of a liquid or pasty flour com-V position. f

The second (9) of these three instrumentalities, aforementioned, is apiece or strip of fabric composed of a base or body portion 12 and apile 18 which, in the present instance, is of a character lto smoothdown flat when rubbed in one direction but which when rubbed in theother direction, tends tti stifen, stand out, and offer more or lessrethe hosiery drying form tends to dry and\125 shape` the article, myimprovedv hosieryholding device eiiciently retains it in' its" stretchedcondition until the fabric of the hosiery is set and given a fixedcondition.

This fabric instrumentality 9 is of less 13.0v

width than the member 8, as shown, and has its opposite ends extendedthrough the slits or slots 11 and disposed against the underside of themember 8 so as to underlie the same. Only the side of the fabric whichfaces the member 8 is preferably treated to the sizing-compound, alreadyreferred to. `If desired, the portions of the fabric which underlie theends of the member` 8 ay be trimmed or reduced in thickness, as byremoving the pile from the Fportions 'of the member 9 which underlie themember 8.

Interposed between the members or instrumentalities 8 and 9, is thebacking or fabric-distending member 10. Preferably, this member is ofapproximately the saine wid-th as the fabric member 9, and of a lengthapproximating the distance between the two slits or slots" 11 in themember 8. This member tends to distendor raise the fabric-member 9 intoa plane above that of Vthe outer surface of the member 8. Hence, asshown in Figs. 2, 4 and 5, for instance, the fabric member 9 occupies aplane considerably removed from that of the member 8 and is thus causedto perform its fabric gripping and holding action in a more eiicientmanner; the member 8 being, then, out of interfering position with thehosiery as it is being boarded. The member 84's preferably of theasbestos-paper type described With reference to the member 8; but it ispreferably sized 0n both sides so that its sized surfaces will bepresented both to the sized surface of the base-portion 12 of themember. 9 and alsol to the sized surface ofthe paper-member 8.

These .three components or instrumentalif ties 8, 9 and 10, are boundtogether-,to constitute an, article of commerce-by a cementitioussubstance Jsuitable for the purpose. The object of sizing one (theinner) surface of the fabric-member `9, both surfacesof thep-aper-member 10, :and one (the outer) surface of the paper-member 8 isin order that the cementitious binder may more effectively cement thesethree instrumentalities together; it 'having been found in myexperiments that the sizing on the contacting surfaces of theinstrumentalities tenlds to present a facing -to the cementitious masswhich will, by mer with this mass, effeet a desirable ad esion andprevent the cementitious substance from penetrating into the body of themembers. In connection with the fabric-member 9, for instance, it hasbeen found that if the binderinclud- -in-g silicate of soda-penetratesinto the body of thefabric, it tends to destroy or disintegrate thethreads thereof and, thus, seriously injures it. The sizing revents thisand yet permits the fabric-mem' er to be securely cemented to thepaper-member 10.

rThis binder may be in the Iform of liquid l glass, that is, sillcate ofsoda, since this may be conveniently and' quickly applied and dries veryrapidly and especially in the presence of heat.- Moreover, liquid-glass,when hardened, constitutes an excellent heat-conductor. 'I havediscovered, however, a somewhat different ceinentitiolus mass, one whichincludesy flour rendered into proper consistency and Icombined with asuitable proportion of silicate'of soda-and with other substances,preferably, toprevent souring or deterioration of the cement-alsoconstitutes an efficient binder.. For my purpose, therefore, it will beunderstood that I prefer rto use. either a binder comprisingliquid-glass in the commercial form, or one which includes silicate ofsoda combined with other substances.

I prefer to aggroup the members 8, 9 and 10 so as to form the completedevice, as an article of manufacture; this including the fabric-member 9with its ends extended through the slits 11 so they may underlie theopposite ends of the paper-member 8, and with the "paper-member 10interposed loetween this paper-member 8 and the fabric- 90 member 9. Theoverlying ends 14 of thef paper-member 8 protect the underlying ends 15of the fabric-'member 9. Thus, the opposite ends of the fabric-memberare not at all exposed to wear, with the result that when 95 the hosieryis being boarded on `the form 1, there is no danger of the fabric-memberbeing injured when the hosiery is stretched Iown over the form, nor whenit is being, stripped therefrom.

It is to be understood that one of these articles of manufacture,constituting my structure 7 is preferably to be secured to each side ofa form by a binder 16, which may be and preferably is the aforementioned105 cementitiofus mass used to cement the three members together.I Inother Words, when the device is to be appliedl to a form, the rear lsideof the device is coated or paintedf with thebin-der 16, and thisinvolves lan ap- 110 plication of the binder to the rear side of fthepaper-member 8 and also to the exp'osed surfaces of the underlyingportions 15 of the fabric-member 9. Thus, practically the entire rearsurface 0f the form-adherlng mem- 115 ber 8 is secured to the side ofthe form; and, likewise, the portions 15 of the fabric-member arecemented to the form. In "consequence, the fabric-member is directly cepmentedto the form at its ends 15 and is ad- 120 ditionally securedthereto `byrmeans of the ends of the paper-member 8. x

As shown in Figs. 4 and 5 particularly, the binder may be worked upagainst the edges of the ends of the paper-member 8 so 125v AYingy beingengaged by the edge of the menri tion 18 ofthe paper-member 8 which isinlfrom by the member' 10 as in the termediate of the slits 11 separatesthe main portion lofthe fabric-member 9 fromv the form, vthisfabric-member does not havethe cementitious binder-which is used tosecure the device to the form-applied to its effective hosiery-engagingportion, this being prevented by the portion 18 of the papermember 8.Thus, the member 8 subserves dual functions, namely, to hold in part thefabric-member to the form and, also, in part to separate thefabric-member--at its effec-V tive, fabric-engaging portionfrom theform. On the other hand, the backing-member 10 separates this effective,fabric-engaging portionof the member 9 from the main portion 18 of themember 8, and also presses the effective, fabric-engaging -portion ofthe member9 outwardly beyond the plane of the paper-member 8. I wish tobe understood, however, that the member 10 may, in some instance, beomitted if desired, in which instance the lnain portion of thefabric-memberwould lie agalnst the body-portion of the member 8, insteadof being separated therepreferred type of the device.

If it be found that this device, as thus constituted, tends to` retardthe drying operation of the hosiery form, one or all of the threecomponents 8, 9 andpl() may be provided with perforations 19, ?2O and2l, respectively, through which the heat may penetrate,These'perforations may be variously arranged, be of any required form,and be in staggered or registeringrelation. Examples of these are shownin Figs. 11 to 16.

From the foregoing, it will be manifest.

that I have thus provided an effective and durable fabric-holding devicewhich isconveniently and quickly-applied to a f0rm` preferably whileheated-and one .which has the effective portion of the fabric-com'-ponent separated 'from the form itself, though havingits unexposed ends-secured thereto; the aforementioned fabric-engaging portion of thecomponent 9 )occupying a plane beyond that of the projecting ends 14 ofthe member'8 and in a position to per-r form'its designed function ofgripping the hosiery and holding it in stretched condition .until it isset, after which the hosiery,

, beingthen dried-.may readily be stripped from the form. Hosierytreated on a'form to which my devices are applied has, in practice, beenfound to have an improved finish, this resulting (in part) from the factthat the device effectively-holds the hosiery'in intimate contact withthe form during the time that the fabric is evaporating its moisture andwhile being set in the stretched` eondition'intd which it has beenbrought by holding' structure securable to a hosiery dry- @ofholding-fabric having a body-portion eX- the operator.- The hosiery thusfinishes at a uniform length, because it'is efectually precluded fromcreeping orshrinking longitudinally while drying.

What I claim is h 1. As an article of manfacture, aunit-,aryfabric-holding structure securable to and removable from a drying-formas a unit and including a form-adhering, fabric-protecting member, and apiece of fabric permanently attached thereto and sustainable thereby.V2; As an article of manufacture, a fabricolding structure marketable asa unit and including a form-adhering, fabric-protecting member, andapiece of fabric secured thereto and sustainable thereby; said fabriccomprising a body-portion overlying one surface of the member andapile-portion outstanding therefrom.

3. Aslan article of manufacture, a fabricing form and including aform-adhering, fabric-protecting member provided with slots adjacent itsopposite edges, and a pice of holding-fabric having its ends projecting'through the slots so that they occupy a position on the member at theside thereof opposite the body-portion `of the piece-wherebythe fabricis sustained b the member.

4. As an article of manu acture, a fabricholding structure securable toa hosiery dry-v ing form and including a form-adhering,fabric-protecting" member `provided with slits adjacent its oppositeends, and a piece tending approximately parallel to one side of themember and its two ends projecting d through the slits so as to underliethe opposite sidev of the member, said membergand fabric-piece beingsized to effect an intimate adherence vbetween their contactingportions. said fabric-piece including. an outstanding pile.

5. A fabric-holding structure securable to a hosiery-drying form andincluding a basemember 'of asbestos paper containing or impre ated withsizing, and a abricengaglng fabric coated` on one side' with' sizing andsecured to the base-member and having its ends underlying the side ofthe 1,15 member opposite to that on which the bodyportion of the pieceis mounted.

6. As an article of manufacture, a fabricholding structure securable toadrying and shaping form` and including a form-adhering member, asectionzof fabric attached thereto, and an intermediate fabric-distend--ing member.

8. A fabric-holding structure securable to a hosiery-form an including abase-member of asbestos aper containing 'sizing and provided with)approximately parallel slits adjacent its opposite ends, a piece offabric-holding fabric having a pile, one por tion thereof overlying themain section of a surface of the base-member and its two ends extendingthrough said slots so as to underlie the opposite side 'of thebase-member, an

j nintermediate member o-f asbestos paper containing sizing interposedbetween the fabric and base-member, and an adhesive between the twomembers, and between one of the members and the fabric.

9. A hosiery7 drying and shaping structure including a form, and afabricengaging and holding device securable thereto and including aform-adhering member of asbestos paper sized on one side and providedwith parallel slots adjacent its ends, a pile-provided'fabric attachedthereto and extending through the slots so as to have its ends underliethe ends of the formadhering member and be inI contact with the form, abacking-member of asbestos paper ture including a form, and a fabricjengaging and `holding device securable thereto and including aform-adhering member of asbestos paper sized on one side and providedwith parallel slots adjacent its ends, a pile-provided fabric attachedthereto and extending through the slots so as to have its ends underliethe ends of the formadhering member and be in contact with the form, abacking-member of asbestos paper sized on both'sides and cemented to theadhering member, a binder between said formadhering member and the form,and a binder also between the form and the ends of the fabric. i

In testimon whereof I aix my signature in presence o two witnesses.

- JACOB GERRrTsoN.

Witnesses:

E. H. BEEBE, A. W. FIELD.

